How To Install Recessed Bathroom Medicine Cabinet

How to Install a Recessed Bathroom Medicine Cabinet

Recessed medicine cabinets offer a sleek, space-saving solution for bathroom storage. While installation requires more effort than a surface-mount cabinet, the finished look is well worth the investment. This guide provides a comprehensive walkthrough of the installation process.

Planning and Preparation

Careful planning is crucial for a successful installation. Before purchasing a cabinet, consider these key factors:

Wall Space: Accurately measure the available space between wall studs. Most medicine cabinets are designed to fit between standard 16-inch on-center studs.
Cabinet Dimensions: Choose a cabinet that fits comfortably within the stud bay, leaving sufficient space for any necessary framing adjustments.
Plumbing and Electrical: Check for existing plumbing pipes and electrical wiring within the wall cavity. Relocating these utilities might be necessary.
Wall Type: Determine the wall construction (drywall, plaster, etc.) as this impacts the installation method.
Local Building Codes: Consult local building codes for specific requirements regarding recessed installations.

Gathering the Necessary Tools and Materials

Having the right tools on hand simplifies the installation process. Gather the following:

Stud finder
Level
Measuring tape
Safety glasses
Dust mask
Reciprocating saw or drywall saw
Utility knife
Drill with appropriate drill bits
Screwdriver
Wood shims
Construction adhesive
Drywall screws
Drywall patching compound (if needed)
Sandpaper
Paint (if needed)

Cutting the Opening in the Wall

Creating the proper wall opening is a critical step. Accuracy ensures a flush fit for the medicine cabinet.

Locate Studs: Use a stud finder to precisely mark the location of the wall studs surrounding the intended opening.
Mark the Opening: Carefully measure and mark the outline of the cabinet opening on the wall, ensuring it is centered between the studs and level.
Cut the Opening: Using a reciprocating saw or drywall saw, carefully cut along the marked lines. Score the drywall first with a utility knife to prevent tearing.
Inspect for Obstructions: Check the wall cavity for any plumbing or electrical obstructions. Address these before proceeding.

Installing Framing (If Necessary)

Depending on the cabinet dimensions and the existing wall framing, additional framing might be required to support the cabinet.

Measure and Cut: Measure the space between the studs and cut two pieces of framing lumber (2x4s) to fit snugly within the opening.
Secure the Framing: Attach the framing members to the existing studs using construction adhesive and drywall screws. Ensure the framing is level and flush with the surrounding wall surface.

Securing the Medicine Cabinet

With the opening prepared, the medicine cabinet can now be installed.

Test Fit: Carefully insert the cabinet into the opening to ensure a proper fit. Make any necessary adjustments to the framing or opening.
Apply Adhesive: Apply a bead of construction adhesive to the back edges of the cabinet frame.
Insert and Secure: Carefully insert the cabinet into the opening, pressing firmly against the framing. Secure the cabinet to the framing using drywall screws through the pre-drilled mounting holes.
Check for Level: Use a level to ensure the cabinet is plumb and level. Adjust as needed using shims if necessary.

Finishing Touches

The final steps involve concealing the gaps and completing the installation.

Apply Caulk: Apply a thin bead of paintable caulk around the perimeter of the cabinet to seal any gaps and create a seamless finish.
Install Shelves and Door: Install the cabinet shelves and door according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Patching and Painting (If Necessary): If any drywall patching was required, apply drywall compound, sand smooth, and paint to match the surrounding wall.